Discrepancy between Procedure Title and Documentation Details

Question:

If the details of a procedure documentation do not match the listed procedure/operation that was planned, which procedure code should be selected?

Answer:

CPT codes are always chosen based on the documentation within the detailed portion of an operative record.  If the details within the body of the report do not match the “procedure title” listed in the beginning of the operative report, the provider should be queried for clarification and a possible addendum to the record if necessary.

*This response is based on the best information available as of 1/16/25.

Modifier 80 vs 82

Question:

What is the difference between modifier 80 and modifier 82 when a physician is acting as an assistant during surgery?

Answer:

While both modifier 80 and modifier 82 are used when a physician is actively participating as an assistant to a primary surgeon during a surgical procedure, modifier 82 is used in teaching or university hospitals that have approved Graduate Medical Education (GME) programs for Residents. In these teaching hospitals, there must be documentation indicating that no qualified resident was available to assist, to allow for another physician to act as the assistant surgeon, and then modifier 82 is appended to that assistant surgeon.

*This response is based on the best information available as of 1/2/25.

Pre-op vs Post-op Diagnosis

Question:

Is there a difference between a pre-operative diagnosis and a post-operative diagnosis?

Answer:

Pre-operative diagnosis is based on the “Reason for the surgery” or the condition affecting the patient leading to the necessity of the surgery. Underlying co-morbidities that can affect the surgical outcome or represent a risk to the patient can also be included but the documentation must support their relationship to the patient risk.

Post-operative diagnoses are based on the findings determined during the surgical procedure.  Post-op diagnosis may be the same as the pre-op diagnosis or may be more definitive.

*This response is based on the best information available as of 12/19/24.

Appealing Intraoperative EEG/EMG Denials

Question:

I am new to coding for neurosurgery, and we are receiving denials for intraoperative EEG and EMGs; what documentation should we use for appeal?

Answer:

Intraoperative monitoring such as EEG, EMG and SSEP are inclusive to the procedure performed and not separately reported by the operating surgeon or the assistant. (Exception: 95961-26 may be reported when the surgeon performs cortical/subcortical mapping, such as in an awake craniotomy. For denials in these instances, medical necessity and detailed documentation to support the mapping should be sent on appeal)

*This response is based on the best information available as of 12/5/24.

Evacuation of recurrent subdural hematoma and drain placement

Question:

A patient returns two weeks after evacuation of a chronic subdural hematoma with a recurrence requiring another evacuation of the hematoma and placement of a subdural drain. What are the correct codes to report for the evacuation of the hematoma and placement of the drain?

Answer:

CPT code 61312 for re-do craniotomy for hematoma with modifier 58 appended for a more extensive procedure treating the same problem during the global period.  The drain would not be separately reported.

*This response is based on the best information available as of 11/14/24.

Use of Robotic Systems During Surgical Procedures

Question:

What is the code for a robotic procedure?

Answer:

When surgical procedures involve the use of robotic surgical systems, the robotic component can be represented by HCPCS code S2900.  However, there is no RVU associated with this code, and it is not reimbursed under the Medicare payment system.   The best practice is to set a fee for the extra physician work involved with robotic assistance, document medical necessity for the use of the robot, and incorporate this code into billing for tracking purposes when used.

*This response is based on the best information available as of 10/31/24.